Are we at the end of a coffee Golden Age?
Posted by TheShot on 03 May 2011 | Tagged as: Café Society, Consumer Trends, Quality Issues
A couple weeks ago, a regular reader made a very relevant comment on our last post: “You have become very negative. When was the last positive post?” They were completely on target, and we have noticed this trend in ourselves for months now. (See: Coffee Commenter Archetype #10.) The reasons are worth a post here.
Now we’ve always been prone to sarcasm and even a certain iconoclastic streak. But that alone is insufficient to explain why we’ve even caught ourselves asking, “Are we being too negative all the time?” before posting our next missive. After all, it’s no mystery that the ebullient, sunny, and awe-inspiring posts/tweets/viral-Internet-nuggets-du-jour are what motivate people to read and share.
A rising tide lifts all boats, but what if there are simply more boats?
We’ve come to a sort of conclusion that, since we started this blog in 2005, the quality coffee world has changed a lot — and mostly for the better. The number of places capable of reaching the highest quality standards have proliferated, reaching even what were traditionally coffee’s quality wastelands (e.g., suburbia, New York City, even Paris, etc.).
However, over the same time, the best retail places for coffee have improved little over the years. It may be our humble opinion, but the absolute quality level of coffee has plateaued. This suggests that much of the perceived improvement in quality coffee over recent years was primarily driven by more coffeeshops “catching up” to what the best ones had been successfully doing for years now: emulating their good practices, their quality sourcing, their commitment to training, etc. The stagnation in our highest espresso scores also supports this hypothesis.
In other words, many retail coffeeshops exploited a quantum leap in quality that’s now very difficult to reproduce. With starry-eyed talk about “Fourth Wave” coffee and the like, much of the industry seems to be holding out for the promise of yet another, equivalent quantum leap — the likes of which we will probably never see again. If you grew up eating nothing but canned vegetables all your life, fresh organic produce might seem like something descended from the gods with endless possibilities. But good luck trying to repeat that level of improvement.
Coffee hasn’t gotten better so much as more people learned how to make it properly.
What happens when quality isn’t a growth market
Thus quality coffee has been stuck in a kind of stasis in many ways. As the supply of great coffeeshops has grown, there’s a rampant copycat mentality among coffeeshops now imitating each other — creating a sort of rigid orthodoxy or dogma that, today, makes screwballs like Philz Coffee seem like radicals. One coffee shop replaces their Clover brewer with Hario V60s, and within months all the sheep follow. Local coffee pros echo each other’s trite Third Wave clichés across the globe in interviews. Monolithic opinions pervade about everything from roasting styles to blends. Purveyors wave the Third Wave flag as if to take full credit for the changing and more discriminating tastes of coffee consumers.
While that’s all been routinized, what’s actually growing is the business of generating hype with little substance to back it up — i.e., promising consumers a similar revolution in coffee every month that it never delivers. That it could never deliver. The business of coffee has grown a lot, and so has the marketing hype, the number of profiteers, and the haze and fog of sales & marketing spin.
Thus we find ourselves needing to (over?)compensate for the hype, needing to shine a brighter light through the haze and fog. We’re sure that makes for a real downer when reading some of our posts of late. Though if you were to follow the tweets coming out of the most recent SCAA conference in Houston last week, bad news seemed like the only news. Even if most of that bad news dealt with climate change, dwindling supplies, rising prices, and an inability to meet anticipated demand.
This is the end (of the beginning)
We wish we were a lot more optimistic rather than pessimistic about today’s state of quality coffee. Ironically, while this year’s US Barista Championship was going on in Houston, we were sipping espresso at Intelligentsia in Chicago — home of last year’s world barista champion, an organizational trophy machine at the USBC, and who was decidedly and notably absent from this year’s competition.
The espresso at the Monadnock location was as good as ever — although (surprise!) no better than usual. They had reconfigured their service counter since our last visit: taking up half the front counter-space now with their Hario V60 pour-over bar. As a bit of a throwback, the forward-thinking Intelligentsia now reminds us of coffeeshops that once prominently featured their pour-over bars back in the 1990s.
Fortunately, we occasionally catch a glimpse of other coffee cultures that have gone their own way ever so slightly, breaking from the monotony of the pack to suggest something unique is still possible. Our recent exposure to the coffee culture in South Africa being one reason to be somewhat upbeat. Perhaps as when punk rock refreshingly broke the tiresome conventions of the progressive 70s rock that preceded it, this shiftless, seemingly listless transition is a necessary step for coffee to bloom and blossom into something diverse and interesting again.
Until then, more of our delight may have to come from the occasional amusing typo, such as a New York start-up offering Mothra’s Day specials in the hopes of becoming the Starbucks of flowers. It’s about time Godzilla had to share some of the love.
17 Comments »
I think coffee common is something to get excited about. While it is not necessarily about coffee quality, I think the idea of collaboration and consumer education is vital to sustainability of that coffee quality. Especially in the face of increasing climatic barriers to quality. If people are going to pay more for good coffee (and economically this is necessary) they need to know WHY they should do that in the first place. Education!
@Brandon: What do you think of James Hoffmann’s somewhat infamous quote from his SCAA symposium presentation last week that, “everytime I see ‘educating the consumer’, I die a little bit inside”?
I’ve been waiting for your post. My trusty RSS reader showed me streams of news from the SCAA and most of them I think is not to your liking (super-CMIIW). Waiting for your comment on those field reports.
One of the quotes from the lecture titled “Craft Brewing by Hand in a Café Environment.” (http://www.dearcoffeeiloveyou.com/scaa-expo-2011-day-2/):
“Coffee under $2 should be over—pronto.” -Kyle G.
If they do that in my country, you’re talking about killing hundreds of thousands (literally) of coffee-hawkers, littering the streets at night and accompanying that late-night-chat for the bottom line of the economy pyramid here.
@Enrico: Mr. Glanville was probably referencing a North American market. He as much as anyone should know that the cost of a retail coffee is primarily labor, not the coffee itself, and thus the lower labor costs in Indonesia should correlate to lower overall prices.
That said, as mentioned in our post above, monolithic practices of “one coffee nerd size fits all” are a bad idea. A lot of consumers love two-buck Chuck wine — not everyone wants, nor needs, a DRC Burgundy. Coffee consumption is dominated by the commodity market and the paper-cup set. Forcing them to go upscale in their coffee ambitions will utterly fail — let alone raise more resentment and cries of elitism.
And yet all these sky-is-falling reports of prices “reaching the highest in 34 years” are really just another way of saying we are paying less for coffee today than we did in 1977. In gasoline terms, this is like consumers being up in arms over paying $0.62 a gallon at the pump. How many things can you say we pay less for now than we did in 1977? VCRs? Polyester disco clothes?
Any talk of sustainability must include economic sustainability. A healthy market cannot exist without a reasonable pricing structure. To keep quality coffee farms from switching to more profitable crops, they need to be paid reasonable compensation — the likes we haven’t seen in decades.
well, im not sure what context he said that in. there is probably a semiotic issue here. he has been one of the proponents of service for a while now and especially in relation to penny university. thats all i mean really. At any rate, i am sure the base coffee consumers might expect something slightly different in london than in seattle where I work. my customers what all “bold” all the time which they associate with dark roasts and lots of sugar. how might i get to the point where i can actually serve specialty coffee? thats the service aspect in the form of “education” which is really just a discussion i have with a customer about what they like and why and might I make a suggestion.
@Brandon: Another quote of Jim’s at the talk might put it in a little context: “It’s not that they are not educated… it’s that they aren’t interested.”
The challenge is making that customer education a pull model rather than a push model. With the push model, you risk speaking down to the converted and/or pushing people away. Sometimes I really only want a good cup of coffee — not a magical journey through space and time for how special beans from Uganda managed to arrive in my cup to dance on my taste buds.
I agree! I am trying to think about ways to engage the customer who doesn’t even know coffee can be good in itself (without milk, sugar, syrup etc.). The things the coffee common did at ted (no sugar/syrup etc.) are the beginning to the exploration of this problem. I think most customers would LOVE to have a good cup of coffee, but they have to know that that is possible first. I get a lot of people ordering pour overs, then immediately taking them to the condiment bar. How can I pull the customer here? I obviously have tactics but I think this is sort of an exciting development in coffee because it lends itself to the community aspect that so many in specialty coffee already seek.
If the mid-level shops are “catching up” at various rates to the best, this might be the only thing that will truly push the top of the bar higher as a proliferation of shops that are “good-enough” will cause the future leaders to differentiate themselves, no?
Personally, I dramatically welcome the raising of the mid-range, if only because I don’t have to drive all over the place just to get something drinkable. Sometimes, you are in a hurry or don’t feel like driving across town for various reasons.
We love all the improvements in the mid-range. The challenge is we’re not sure how much incremental improvement is really possible for those leaders differentiating themselves from the pack. IMO, we’re at a point of significantly diminishing returns.
I think the most common (all over the world) reason for most coffee drinker who puts a lot of condiments into their coffee is that “my coffee will taste bitter without it”.
I routinely make my extended family as test-subjects (*snicker*), where I tried to serve them variety of coffee (different origins, different methods of making, etc). I deliberately didn’t put any condiment (read: sugar) in it. Usually their response after a sip would be a poker face followed by the usual : “Can I have the sugar please?”
It’s already “planted” in their minds by years of commodity-coffee-drinking, that coffee without sugar seems impossible. They (think) they only have 2 choices : coffee-sweet-ish/sweet-coffee-ish or bitter coffee. And that habit extended to when they visit a specialty coffee cafe/bar.
My friend here that have a pour-over bar usually have the “promo” tactics : he’d offer customer the chance to taste the difference between coffee A and B, with discount price. It doesn’t have to be a super-special coffee, just offer the guests 2 coffee that have distinct tastes. Or to find the difference between aged coffee A and non-aged coffee A.
I think the “pull” and the “push” would have to be in harmony : you’d extend your hand to the customer in a way that they are motivated to reach it. How? It’s your choice…
I get the argument that we are getting diminishing returns on coffee quality (although the GCQRI might change this a bit). I dont think it follows from this that there is less to get excited about in terms of coffee though. At least from an insiders perspective.
Enrico you are totally right on about extending a hand in a friendly way. I think that is exactly what Jamie Hoffman’s talk was about, in many ways. In the context of a shop that has a wide variety of customers, some looking for a fix, some looking to enjoy a drink, what methods can we employ to share the absurdly involved task of producing delicious coffee? Part of telling the story of a particular coffee (even though this isnt something I do regularly at all) is to simply EXPLAIN the absurdity of what goes into quality coffee production. I get customers who are upset that some of our coffees are direct trade rather than free trade without understanding what either of them really are. Same with organic/non-organic. I am excited precisely because the industry is starting to address these discrepancies in ways that encourage mutual engagement and pleasure.
Well now we’re looking into the “how-do-you-get-the-coffee” side, hehehe. In my country, it’s rarely talked about from the customer because, DUH, my country IS one of the producers of coffee, so it’s SCAI(Spec.Coffee Assoc.of Indonesia)’s business.
Anyhow, how about if you prepare a “quick-graph” with beginner-friendly diagram that shows what “direct trade” and “free trade” etc really is. So when a customer asked (I think most of them would consists of people wanting to impress their date with their “knowledge of coffee”), simply whip up your graphic. Just a small one or some of them, the size that would look good on iPad. Yeah, iPad-carrying-maitre’d and barista would be the new legion of specialty coffee “teachers”.
It all comes back to “I want your money and I’ll give you my coffee” business.
GCQRI should hold some promise. I’m very interested in how that will play out. In an odd way, I want to see these elevated coffee costs sustained for at least a few years — as it might attract more self-conscious growers to the business (or at least to stick with it). Even if quality improvements will come from more than just at origin.
My wife — who is quite the food savant, IMHO — is a classic example of someone who has developed a flavor vocabulary for coffee that’s much more extensive than her descriptor vocabulary for wine. And here she was born and raised in Napa.
Yet she insists always on putting some sugar in her coffee — and manages to zero in on flavor profiles despite the added sugar. Perhaps its a Portuguese cultural thing. In any case, purveyors need to get over trying to change the taste preferences of customers at some level. There’s a fine line between being reasonably accommodating of consumer preferences and being a coffee Nazi.
As for the Direct Trade vs. Fair Trade thing, ugh — what a headache that goes back to my Fair Trade mafia story from five years ago. I’m really not sure how best to answer that other than ignorance is never in short supply and proselytizing isn’t the answer either.
Great post.
In my experience, trying to “educate the consumer” is a waste of time. No one wants to be “educated,” which is basically a nice way of saying “being told they are stupid or uncultured (i.e. low class) and don’t know their own taste.” Even the choice of the word “educate” is condescending and actually kind of creepy in a Maoist way.
The solution is simple: if you don’t believe in dark roasts or sugar or cream or whatever, then *don’t offer it*. That way, no one has to feel stupid or put-upon and baristas don’t have to get in an argument with customers about why they shouldn’t choose this or that option. You might think this solution would be obvious to more coffee pros — after all, why sell a product you don’t believe in?
Also, could someone please explain how Coffee Common is anything but a self-congratulatory circle-jerk? I’m serious.
I could have sworn I wrote that…
But then if I did, I would have also mentioned that TED is a self-congratulatory circle jerk where they invite experts to dance for them like monkeys in a circus sideshow. So it’s strangely fitting that TED is what gave birth to Coffee Common.
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